Mao, et al
Progress in Retinal and Eye Research , 81 , 100880
Atherosclerosis progression, as a chronic inflammatory mechanism, is characterized by immune system dysregulation associated with increased pro-inflammatory cytokine production, including interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-), and IL-1, as well as pattern recognition receptor proteins like CRP (170, 261267)
These emerging insights, discussed below, underscore the need to translate redox biochemistry into clinical application through targeted interventions that restore and sustain glutathione function in the context of aging, neurodegeneration, immune dysfunction, and environmental toxin burden